UDC 551.733.3:553.981/982 (477.8)
K. HRYHORCHUK, V. HNIDETS, L. BALANDIUK
Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of the NAS Ukraine, 79060, Lviv, Naukova str. 3-а,
tel. +38(032)2634161, e-mail: kosagri@ukr.net
LITHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF OIL AND GAS SYSTEMS FORMATION
IN THE VOLYNO-PODOLIA SILURIAN DEPOSITS
https://doi.org/10.23939/jgd2018.02.037
Objective. To elucidate the dynamics of catagenetic processes that occurred in the Silurian sediments against the background of an oil and gas systems formation. Method. The method includes lithology-facies, mineralogical-petrographic, catagenetic, and litho-fluido-dynamic analyses. Results. The spatial-temporal development features of carbonate (bank-reefal facies), argillite (outer and inner shelf), and argillite-carbonate (transition facies) complexes located in the Silurian sediments (profile of boreholes: Lishchynska-1 – Peremyshlyany-1 – Baluchin-1 – Olesko-1) have been determined. The main post-sedimentary transformations of clayey compound rocks consistent in the formation of quartz, calcite, pyrite, as well in the formation of caverns and fractures, which in most cases are combined with thin channels forming a single system, have been studied. It has been established that during the Palaeozoic and Early Mesozoic, the regime of catagenesis of the Silurian sediments of the considered structures was identical. Its further differentiation caused by the individualization of various tectonic block development occurred. In the first catagenetic cycle, the Silurian deposits reached the temperature conditions of the main zone of gas formation. The hydrocarbon (HC) generation centre was located in the western part of the studied profile (the Lishynskaya area), and within the zone of hydrocarbon accumulation a number of lithogenetic reservoirs were localized, the formation of which took place at different catagenetic substages. The main phase of hydrocarbon accumulation is confined to the Late Cretaceous. At this time in the Lishchino-Peremyshlyanskaya area there was a knot of reservoirs pertaining to the heterogeneous morphology, genesis, and the time of their formation. The spatial superposition of these reservoirs and the presence of a multi-directional system of fractures led to the formation of a single fluid system. In the Palaeogene, the accumulated oil and gas accumulations were destroyed as a result of the regional fracture zone development. Hydrocarbon fluids migrated both laterally and vertically with their possible accumulation in structural or lithological traps in the Silurian and Devonian sediments. Scientific novelty. The novel periodization of the Silurian deposits catagenesis has been determined, and the difference in the regime of catagenesis which occurred in various tectonic structures has been established. Practical relevance. The hydrocarbon fluids migration stages and the history of conditions during the formation of the lithogenetic reservoirs have been determined, which allowed assessing specific aspects of the oil-and-gas potential of the Silurian and adjacent sedimentary complexes.
Key words: Silurian, Volyno-Podilia, lithological complexes, catagenesis, litho-fluido-dynamics, reservoir rock.

References – 22

UDC 528.2
S. SAVCHUK, L. YANKIV-VITKOVSKA, B. DZHUMAN
Department of Higher Geodesy and Astronomy, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, S. Bandera str., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine, ph. +38 (068) 7632139, е-mail: teojuman@gmail.com
THE INFLUENCES OF SEISMIC PROCESSES, THE SUN AND THE MOON
ON THE SMALL CHANGES OF COORDINATES OF GNSS-STATIONS
https://doi.org/10.23939/jgd2018.02.015
Aim. In order to improve the definition of GNSS-stations coordinate changes, it is important to find out how the processes that occur in the near-Earth space influence the significance of these changes. To describe such processes we can use the seismic activity index, the infrasound rate, and the number of daily flashes in the Sun. In this regard the purpose of this work is to study the influence of the above processes on small changes in the coordinates of GNSS-stations. Method. To solve this problem we have selected the coordinates of permanent GNSS-station, seismic activity indicators, infrasound indicators and the number of daily flares in the Sun for the same 295 day epoch. For modeling the influence of processes in the near-Earth space on the definition of coordinate changes the method of constructing a macromodel is developed based on averaged data with the use of a regularization method and with help of the reduction of the approximation basis of many arguments of polynomials. The arguments of the polynomials in the modelling are chosen to reflect the influence of external factors on the coordinates. Parameters and their corresponding multidies of polynomials are found from the identification tasks recorded by the Tikhonov regularization functions. Results. We constructed a macromodel that includes parameters of seismic processes, the Sun, the Moon, and the coordinates of the GNSS-station. We have found derivatives and different characteristics of the obtained model. Correlation analysis we used to clarify the assumptions. Scientific novelty. For the first time a macromodel was obtained which allows to calculate the influence of the index of seismic activity, infrasound and solar activity on small changes in the coordinates of GNSS-stations. Practical significance. After studying this model we obtained results that can be used to increase the accuracy of coordinates obtained using GNSS observations.
Key words: seismic activity, infrasound, solar activity, macromodel, coordinates of GNSS-station.

References – 16

UDC 553.98.551.7.242 (477.8)
V. SHLAPINSKYI
Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible minerals of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
Naukova 3a, 79060
POKUTTIA DEEP FAULT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON TECTONICS
AND THE OIL- AND GAS-BEARING OF THE SOUTH-EASTERN SEGMENT
OF THE CARPATHIANS
https://doi.org/10.23939/jgd2018.02.049
Objective. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of the Pokuttia deep fault on tectonics and the oil- and gas-bearing structures in the south-eastern part of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Methodology. It is presented in a detailed complex analysis of the geological-geophysical data in the given area. Results. The influence in the Pokuttia deep fault on the flysch structure has revealed itself in the Boryslav-Pokuttia nappe as a series of dislocations with a break of continuity at the north-eastern orientation at the boundary between the Hutsulkyi and Boikivskyi segments with the structures horizontally displaced 10 km off and up to 1.5 km vertically- left-strike slip fault. In the Skyba nappe this is truncation of its front part of the Hutsulskyi segment. In the Dukla-Chornohora nappe and the Bitlya-Svydovets sub-nappe these are sigmoid curvature of their parts in the fault zone with amplitudes of horizontal displacements of up to 10 km. As a result, the Krasnoshora and Hoverla units are joined into a single sub-nappe, and the thrust-folds of the Bitlya-Svydovets sub-nappe to a considerable extent are overlapped by it and by the Skupiv sub-nappe. Owing to post-overthrusting vertical movements the Hutsulskyi segment was uplifted during Pliocene-Pleistocene. The rise of the area with the Duklya –Chornohora nappe was the most intensive. The structures of the Bitlya-Svydovets sub-nappe are fragmentally outcropped from under it. In the territory of Romania the nappes structurally correspond from the north - the thrust-sheet with olistostrome Slon in the Lower Verkhovyna deposits of Oligocene, and from the south - tectonic units Toroklezh and Makla. The Pokuttia fault displaces the Precarpathian regional minimum (amplitude of about 10 km), and the Uzhok deep fault with the signs of right-shift. There is a perceptible impact of the Pokuttia fault on the sub meridional Radekhiv-Viktoriv fault. Sites of intersections of the mentioned faults, so-called knots, if the traps are available, are known to be favourable zones for hydrocarbon accumulation on commercial scales. In the light of new data on the geological structure of the region, the perspective estimate is raised for the distinguished structures Vorohta-Yasynia (Lazeshchynska, Yasynska and Voronenkivska), as well as Semakivska and Hryniavska, where commercial influxes of hydrocarbons were obtained. This observation also concerns the structures of the basement of the Lopushna subzone of the outer zone of the Carpathean Foredeep under the overthrust of the Carpathians. Scientific novelty. For the first time, using new geological data it was possible to prove the influence of the Pokuttia fault in the zone of its action in a form of the left-strike-slip on the structures of the flysch cover. The structural parallelization of the Bitlya-Svydovets sub-nappe of the Krosno nappe of the Ukrainian Carpathians was carried out with the tectonic units of the Romanian Eastern Carpathians. Interaction of the given fault with the Precarpathian regional minimum and the Uzhok deep fault has a character of the right shift. Areas connected with these dislocations are prospective for hydrocarbon accumulations of commercial value. Practical Value. As a result of investigations essential corrections have been inserted concerning the geological structure of the south-eastern part of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Together with geochemical indications this presents new possibilities in searching for hydrocarbon deposits in this region.
Key words: deep fault, flysch, basement, shift, oil- and gas-bearing.

References – 34